Comparison of Capillary and Venous Plasma Drug Concentrations After Repeated Administration of Risperidone, Paliperidone, Quetiapine, Olanzapine, or Aripiprazole

Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev. 2016 Nov;5(6):538-547. doi: 10.1002/cpdd.291. Epub 2016 Aug 17.

Abstract

Quantification of blood levels of antipsychotic drugs may be useful for managing medication therapy. This open-label, parallel-group study was performed to compare finger-stick-based capillary with corresponding venous plasma concentrations for risperidone, paliperidone, quetiapine, olanzapine, and aripiprazole and their major metabolites after repeated dosing in patients with schizophrenia or related illnesses. Finger-stick-based capillary and venous blood samples were collected at various times within a dosing interval. All drug concentration measurements in the derived plasma samples were performed with validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods. Finger-stick-based capillary and venous plasma drug concentrations after repeated dosing were generally similar. Olanzapine capillary plasma concentrations, however, were on average approximately 20% higher than venous concentrations, with a trend for a relatively greater difference occurring shortly after dosing. In addition, smaller capillary-venous differences were observed for extended-release and long-acting intramuscular formulations and for aripiprazole, a drug with a long half-life, compared with drugs administered as an immediate-release formulation (risperidone, olanzapine). After repeated dosing, plasma derived from finger-stick-based blood was observed to be predictive of the venous concentrations. Capillary sampling may be an appropriate alternative to venous sampling to readily evaluate systemic drug concentrations.

Keywords: antipsychotic drug monitoring; antipsychotics; aripiprazole; capillary concentrations; olanzapine; paliperidone; quetiapine; risperidone; venous concentrations.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Video-Audio Media

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antipsychotic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antipsychotic Agents / blood*
  • Aripiprazole / pharmacokinetics
  • Benzodiazepines / pharmacokinetics
  • Blood Specimen Collection / methods
  • Capillaries / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Fingers
  • Half-Life
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Olanzapine
  • Paliperidone Palmitate / pharmacokinetics
  • Quetiapine Fumarate / pharmacokinetics
  • Risperidone / pharmacokinetics
  • Schizophrenia / drug therapy
  • Schizophrenia / metabolism
  • Veins / metabolism*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Quetiapine Fumarate
  • Aripiprazole
  • Risperidone
  • Olanzapine
  • Paliperidone Palmitate