Adherence to ketoacids/essential amino acids-supplemented low protein diets and new indications for patients with chronic kidney disease

Denis Fouque; Jing Chen; Wei Chen; Liliana Garneata; S J Hwang; Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh; Joel D Kopple; William E Mitch; Giorgina Piccoli; Vladimir Teplan; Philippe Chauveau

doi:10.1186/s12882-016-0278-7

Adherence to ketoacids/essential amino acids-supplemented low protein diets and new indications for patients with chronic kidney disease

BMC Nephrol. 2016 Jul 7;17(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s12882-016-0278-7.

Authors

Denis Fouque^{1

2}, Jing Chen³, Wei Chen⁴, Liliana Garneata⁵, S J Hwang⁶, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh^{7

8}, Joel D Kopple^{9

10}, William E Mitch¹¹, Giorgina Piccoli¹², Vladimir Teplan¹³, Philippe Chauveau¹⁴

Affiliations

¹ UCBL, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, University Lyon, Carmen, Cens, F-69622, Lyon, France. [email protected].
² Department Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Chemin du grand revoyet, 69495, Pierre Bénite, France. [email protected].
³ Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
⁴ Department of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
⁵ Department Nephrology and Internal Medicine, Dr Carol Davila Hospital of Nephrology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
⁶ Division Nephrology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
⁷ Division Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
⁸ Deparment Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁹ Division Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
¹⁰ David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹¹ Nephrology Division, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
¹² SS Nephrology, ASOU San Luigi, Departmentt of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
¹³ Department Nephrol, Institute Clin Exp Med, Transpl Centre, Prague, Czech Republic.
¹⁴ Service de Néphrologie, CHU de Bordeaux & Aurad-Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.

Abstract

Background: Low protein diets (LPD) have long been prescribed to chronic kidney disease patients with the goals of improving metabolic abnormalities and postpone the start of maintenance dialysis.

Methods: We reviewed the recent literature addressing low protein diets supplemented with ketoacids/essential aminoacids prescribed during chronic kidney disease and their effects on metabolic, nutritional and renal parameters since 2013.

Results: We show new information on how to improve adherence to these diets, on metabolic improvement and delay of the dialysis needs, and preliminary data in chronic kidney disease associated pregnancy. In addition, data on incremental dialysis have been reviewed, as well as potential strategies to reverse protein energy wasting in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis.

Conclusion: These recent data help to better identify the use of low protein diets supplemented with ketoacids/essential aminoacids during chronic kidney disease.

Keywords: Dialysis; Keto-analog; Ketoacid; Kidney disease; Low protein diet; Protein; Wasting.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Amino Acids / therapeutic use*
Diet, Protein-Restricted*
Dietary Supplements
Humans
Keto Acids / therapeutic use*
Patient Compliance*
Patient Selection
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / diet therapy
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / drug therapy*

Substances

Amino Acids
Keto Acids