Therapeutic trends and outcome of acromegaly: a single center experience over a 40-year period

Hormones (Athens). 2016 Jul;15(3):368-376. doi: 10.14310/horm.2002.1680.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic trends and long-term outcome of treatment modalities for acromegaly in our center over a 40-year period.

Design: We retrospectively studied 321 acromegalic patients (145 males/176 females) diagnosed and treated from the 1970s until September 2013. Patients were divided into two subgroups: group A consisted of 166 patients diagnosed before 1990 and group B of 155 patients diagnosed after 1990. Outcome was assessed with GH (random and/or post OGTT) and IGF1 measurements.

Results: More group A than group B patients were submitted to radiotherapy (57.8% vs 16.8% patients, respectively, p <0.001). In contrast, more patients of group B were offered surgery (70.3% vs 42.1% in group A, p <0.001) and/or medical treatment (70.3% vs 23.4% in group A, p <0.001). At latest follow-up, 68.4 % of patients in group B achieved GH <2.5 μg/l after treatment vs 39.8% in group A, p=0.001, 46.9% of patients in group B achieved GH <1 μg/l vs 20.3% in group A, p=0.001 and 47.1% of patients in group B achieved during OGTT GH nadir <0.4 μg/l vs 18.6% in group A, p=0.001.

Conclusions: Transsphenoidal resection and medical treatment resulted in improved outcome in acromegalic patients treated over the last 20 years. However, the disease still remains uncontrolled in a considerable number of patients.

MeSH terms

  • Acromegaly / blood
  • Acromegaly / diagnosis
  • Acromegaly / etiology
  • Acromegaly / therapy*
  • Adenoma / blood
  • Adenoma / complications
  • Adenoma / metabolism
  • Adenoma / therapy*
  • Adult
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Delayed Diagnosis
  • Female
  • Greece
  • Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma / blood
  • Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma / complications
  • Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma / metabolism
  • Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma / therapy*
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy* / adverse effects
  • Human Growth Hormone / adverse effects
  • Human Growth Hormone / blood
  • Human Growth Hormone / metabolism
  • Human Growth Hormone / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pituitary Gland / drug effects*
  • Pituitary Gland / metabolism
  • Pituitary Gland / surgery*
  • Pituitary Irradiation* / adverse effects
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Remission Induction
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Human Growth Hormone