Frequency of and factors associated with positive or equivocal margins in conventional excision of atypical intraepidermal melanocytic proliferations (AIMP): A single academic institution cross-sectional study

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016 Oct;75(4):688-695. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.05.034. Epub 2016 Jul 12.

Abstract

Background: No evidence-based surgical guidelines exist for atypical intraepidermal melanocytic proliferation (AIMP), a descriptive histopathologic diagnosis with uncertain malignant potential.

Objective: We sought to identify the frequency of and risk factors associated with positive or equivocal margins after conventional excision.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of 413 AIMPs treated by conventional excision.

Results: Positive or equivocal margins were seen in 2.9% (12/413) of conventional excisions of AIMP. Risk factors associated with positive or equivocal margins included anatomic location on the head and neck (5/51, 9.8%; odds ratio 6.91, 95% confidence interval 1.93-24.80) (P = .012) and a preoperative biopsy specimen that included melanoma in situ in the differential diagnosis (11/214, 5.1%; odds ratio 10.73, 95% confidence interval 1.37-83.88) (P = .006). The frequency of positive or equivocal margins did not differ significantly with surgical margins greater than or less than 5 mm (odds ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.18-2.07) (P = .457).

Limitations: This was a single-site, retrospective observational study.

Conclusion: AIMP has a significantly increased risk for incomplete excision when it is located on the head and neck or has a preoperative histologic differential diagnosis that includes melanoma in situ. These subsets of AIMP may benefit from Mohs micrographic surgery or staged surgical excision to confirm clear margins before reconstruction.

Keywords: Mohs; atypical intraepidermal melanocytic proliferation; excision; melanoma; positive margin; surgery.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Academic Medical Centers
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biopsy, Needle
  • Confidence Intervals
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Melanocytes / pathology
  • Melanoma / mortality
  • Melanoma / pathology*
  • Melanoma / surgery*
  • Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant
  • Middle Aged
  • Mohs Surgery / adverse effects*
  • Mohs Surgery / methods
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology*
  • Neoplasm Seeding
  • Odds Ratio
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Skin Neoplasms / mortality
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Skin Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Survival Analysis
  • Young Adult