Practical considerations for optimizing cardiac computed tomography protocols for comprehensive acquisition prior to transcatheter aortic valve replacement

J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2016 Sep-Oct;10(5):364-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jcct.2016.07.007. Epub 2016 Jul 5.

Abstract

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is performed frequently in patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis who are at high risk or inoperable for open surgical aortic valve replacement. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) has become the gold standard imaging modality for pre-TAVR cardiac anatomic and vascular access assessment. Traditionally, cardiac CTA has been most frequently used for assessment of coronary artery stenosis, and scanning protocols have generally been tailored for this purpose. Pre-TAVR CTA has different goals than coronary CTA and the high prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the TAVR patient population creates a particular need to optimize protocols for a reduction in iodinated contrast volume. This document reviews details which allow the physician to tailor CTA examinations to maximize image quality and minimize harm, while factoring in multiple patient and scanner variables which must be considered in customizing a pre-TAVR protocol.

Keywords: Aortic stenosis; CT acquisition; TAVR.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aortic Valve / diagnostic imaging*
  • Aortic Valve / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / therapy*
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / instrumentation
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / methods
  • Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques
  • Computed Tomography Angiography* / adverse effects
  • Computed Tomography Angiography* / instrumentation
  • Contrast Media / administration & dosage
  • Coronary Angiography / adverse effects
  • Coronary Angiography / instrumentation
  • Coronary Angiography / methods*
  • Electrocardiography
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / instrumentation
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / methods
  • Humans
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Radiation Dosage
  • Radiation Exposure / adverse effects
  • Radiation Exposure / prevention & control
  • Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed

Substances

  • Contrast Media