Fractionation Spares Mice From Radiation-Induced Reductions in Weight Gain But Does Not Prevent Late Oligodendrocyte Lineage Side Effects

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2016 Oct 1;96(2):449-457. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.05.005. Epub 2016 May 12.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the late effects of fractionated versus single-dose cranial radiation on murine white matter.

Methods and materials: Mice were exposed to 0 Gy, 6 × 6 Gy, or 1 × 20 Gy cranial irradiation at 10 to 12 weeks of age. Endpoints were assessed through 18 months from exposure using immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and electrophysiology.

Results: Weight gain was temporarily reduced after irradiation; greater loss was seen after single versus fractionated doses. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells were reduced early and late after both single and fractionated irradiation. Both protocols also increased myelin g-ratio, reduced the number of nodes of Ranvier, and promoted a shift in the proportion of small, unmyelinated versus large, myelinated axon fibers.

Conclusions: Fractionation does not adequately spare normal white matter from late radiation side effects.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Lineage / radiation effects*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cranial Irradiation / adverse effects*
  • Dose Fractionation, Radiation*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • Mice
  • Oligodendroglia / pathology
  • Oligodendroglia / radiation effects*
  • Organ Sparing Treatments / methods
  • Organs at Risk / radiation effects
  • Radiation Dosage
  • Radiation Protection / methods
  • Weight Gain / radiation effects*
  • White Matter / pathology
  • White Matter / radiation effects*