Intrauterine administration of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) activated by HCG improves the implantation and pregnancy rates in patients with repeated implantation failure: a prospective randomized study

Problem: Intrauterine administration of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) activated by HCG in vitro was reported to improve implantation rates in patients with repeated failure of IVF-ET (in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer). In this article, the value of intrauterine administration of PBMCs before embryo transfer and its optimal cell culture method will be investigated.

Method of study: Patients who had not experienced successful pregnancy despite three or more IVF-ET sessions were enrolled in this study (n=240, 240 cycles). PBMCs were obtained from patients themselves and were cultured with HCG for 24 hours. Twenty-four hours later, PBMCs were then administered to the intrauterine cavity of that patient from the study group (n=93, 93 cycles). The control group (n=105, 105 cycles) underwent ET without intrauterine administration.

Results: Clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, and miscarriage rate in the PBMC-treated group (46.24% and 23.66%, n=43 and 22, respectively) were significantly higher than those in the non-treated group (20.95% and 11.43%, P<.05; n=22 and 12, respectively).

Conclusion: These findings indicate that intrauterine administration of autologous PBMC activated by HCG in vitro effectively improves embryo implantation in patients with three or more IVF failures.