Antihypertensive use, prescription patterns, and cost of medications in a Teaching Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria

Niger J Clin Pract. 2016 Sep-Oct;19(5):668-72. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.188709.

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension has been reported as the strongest modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Aims: The aim of the study was to identify the most prescribed antihypertensive drugs, its patterns, comorbidities, cost of medications, and laboratory investigations.

Settings and design: This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive study of hypertensive patients conducted at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja.

Subjects and methods: A total of 200 case notes were retrieved from the medical records unit over a period of 8 weeks. Information on antihypertensive prescriptions and comorbidities was retrieved. The average cost of medications and laboratory investigations was calculated. Statistical Analysis Tool Used: SPSS software version 16.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 58.44 ± 12.65 years. Of the 200 patients, 5 (2.5%) were on monotherapy and 195 (97.5%) were on combination therapy. One hundred and twenty (60%) patients had comorbidities which included congestive heart failure 55 (27.5%), diabetes mellitus 22 (11%), hyperlipidemia 15 (7.5%), and cardiovascular disease 13 (6.5%). The various classes of antihypertensive drugs prescribed were diuretics 128 (64.0%), beta-blockers 126 (63.0%), calcium channel blockers 106 (53.0%), angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors 103 (51.5%), angiotensin receptor blockers 33 (16.5%), alpha blockers 9 (4.5%), and fixed drug combinations 2 (1.0%). The average cost per month of the antihypertensive medications was ₦ 2045 (US$10.2).

Conclusions: Antihypertensive prescription pattern was in accordance with the seventh report of Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of high blood pressure. Community-based insurance scheme should be encouraged and effective implementation of integrated noncommunicable diseases screening into the primary health care services would be helpful.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Ambulatory Care
  • Antihypertensive Agents / economics*
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Comorbidity
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Drug Prescriptions / economics
  • Drug Utilization / economics*
  • Female
  • Hospitals, Teaching*
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / drug therapy*
  • Hypertension / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nigeria / epidemiology
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians' / economics
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians' / statistics & numerical data*
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents