A comparison of anterior screw fixation and halo immobilisation of type II odontoid fractures in elderly patients at increased risk from anaesthesia

Bone Joint J. 2016 Sep;98-B(9):1222-6. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.98B9.35216.

Abstract

Aims: We performed a retrospective, comparative study of elderly patients with an increased risk from anaesthesia who had undergone either anterior screw fixation (ASF) or halo vest immobilisation (HVI) for a type II odontoid fracture.

Patients and methods: A total of 80 patients aged 65 years or more who had undergone either ASF or HVI for a type II odontoid fracture between 1988 and 2013 were reviewed. There were 47 women and 33 men with a mean age of 73 (65 to 96; standard deviation 7). All had an American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 2 or more.

Results: Patients who underwent ASF had a significantly better outcome than those who were treated by HVI. There was a rate of nonunion of 10% after ASF and 23% after HVI. Failure of reduction or fixation occurred in 11 patients (15%) but there was no significant difference between the two groups. Mortality rates were also similar: 9% (n = 3) after ASF and 8% (n = 4) after HVI.

Conclusion: We conclude that ASF is the preferred method of treatment in this group of elderly patients, having a significantly higher rate of fusion, better clinical outcome and a similar rate of general and treatment-related complications. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1222-6.

Keywords: Anaesthetic risk; Anterior screw fixation; Geriatric patients; Halo immobilisation; Odontoid fractures.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anesthesia / adverse effects
  • Anesthesia / methods
  • Bone Screws
  • Braces
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Fracture Fixation, Internal / instrumentation*
  • Fracture Fixation, Internal / methods
  • Fracture Fixation, Internal / mortality
  • Fracture Healing / physiology
  • Geriatric Assessment
  • Humans
  • Immobilization / instrumentation
  • Immobilization / methods*
  • Injury Severity Score
  • Male
  • Odontoid Process / injuries*
  • Range of Motion, Articular / physiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Spinal Fractures / diagnosis
  • Spinal Fractures / mortality
  • Spinal Fractures / surgery*
  • Survival Rate
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods
  • Traction / methods
  • Trauma Centers