Potential drug-drug interactions in paediatric outpatient prescriptions in Nigeria and implications for the future

Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Nov;9(11):1505-1515. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2016.1232619. Epub 2016 Sep 21.

Abstract

Background: Information regarding the incidence of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and adverse drug events (ADEs) among paediatric patients in Nigeria is limited.

Methods: Prospective clinical audit among paediatric outpatients in four general hospitals in Nigeria over a 3-month period. Details of ADEs documented in case files was extracted.

Results: Among 1233 eligible patients, 208 (16.9%) received prescriptions with at least one potential DDI. Seven drug classes were implicated with antimalarial combination therapies predominating. Exposure mostly to a single potential DDI, commonly involved promethazine, artemether/lumefantrine, ciprofloxacin and artemether/lumefantrine. Exposure mostly to major and serious, and moderate and clinically significant, potential DDIs. Overall exposure similar across all age groups and across genders. A significant association was seen between severity of potential DDIs and age. Only 48 (23.1%) of these patients presented at follow-up clinics with only 15 reporting ADEs.

Conclusion: There was exposure to potential DDIs in this population. However, potential DDIs were associated with only a few reported ADEs.

Keywords: Drug: drug interactions; Nigeria; adverse drug events; clinical audit; pediatrics.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Factors
  • Antimalarials / administration & dosage
  • Antimalarials / adverse effects*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Drug Interactions*
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / epidemiology*
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / etiology
  • Female
  • Hospitals, General
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Nigeria / epidemiology
  • Outpatients
  • Prospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index

Substances

  • Antimalarials