Secure Base Priming Diminishes Conflict-Based Anger and Anxiety

PLoS One. 2016 Sep 8;11(9):e0162374. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162374. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

This study examines the impact of a visual representation of a secure base (i.e. a secure base prime) on attenuating experimentally produced anger and anxiety. Specifically, we examined the assuaging of negative emotions through exposure to an image of a mother-infant embrace or a heterosexual couple embracing. Subjects seated at a computer terminal rated their affect (Pre Affect) using the Affect Adjective Checklist (AAC) then listened to two sets of intense two person conflicts. After the first conflict exposure they rated affect again (Post 1 AAC). Following the second exposure they saw a blank screen (control condition), pictures of everyday objects (distraction condition) or a photo of two people embracing (Secure Base Prime condition). They then reported emotions using the Post 2 AAC. Compared to either control or distraction subjects, Secure Base Prime (SBP) subjects reported significantly less anger and anxiety. These results were then replicated using an internet sample with control, SBP and two new controls: Smiling Man (to control for expression of positive affect) and Cold Mother (an unsmiling mother with infant). The SBP amelioration of anger and anxiety was replicated with the internet sample. No control groups produced this effect, which was generated only by a combination of positive affect in a physically embracing dyad. The results are discussed in terms of attachment theory and research on spreading activation.

MeSH terms

  • Anger*
  • Anxiety / psychology*
  • Conflict, Psychological*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Internet
  • Male
  • Universities
  • Young Adult

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Social Sciences and Research Council of Canada, Grant No: 410-2008-0490, http://www.sshrc-crsh.gc.ca/. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.