Body dysmorphic disorder in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty surgery: should we be performing routine screening?

Clin Otolaryngol. 2017 Jun;42(3):508-513. doi: 10.1111/coa.12752. Epub 2016 Oct 5.

Abstract

Objective: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is defined as having a preoccupation with a perceived flaw in one's appearance, which appears slight to others and significantly interferes with a person's functioning. When undetected in septorhinoplasty patients, it will often lead to poor outcomes.

Design: We performed a prospective cohort study to determine the prevalence of BDD in our patients and whether surgical correction could be considered.

Setting and participants: We recruited 34 patients being considered for septorhinoplasty in a tertiary referral rhinology clinic and a control group of 50 from the otology clinic giving a total of 84.

Main outcome measures: Participants completed the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ), the sino-nasal outcome test-23 (SNOT-23) and underwent nasal inspiratory peak flow (NIPF). Those found to be at high risk for BDD were referred to a clinical psychologist.

Results: Of the septorhinoplasty patients, 11 (32%) were high risk for BDD. Following psychological assessment, 7 (63%) patients were felt to be unsuitable for surgery and were offered psychological therapy. SNOT-23 scores were significantly higher in the BDD group indicating a negative impact on quality of life. NIPF readings were not significantly different in the BDD group compared to the control group.

Conclusions: The BDDQ is a valid tool for identifying patients at risk of BDD. A close working relationship with clinical psychology has been advantageous to help the selection process of candidates for surgery when there is a high risk of BDD.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Body Dysmorphic Disorders / diagnosis
  • Body Dysmorphic Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Body Dysmorphic Disorders / etiology
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / methods*
  • Middle Aged
  • Nose Deformities, Acquired / complications*
  • Nose Deformities, Acquired / diagnosis
  • Nose Deformities, Acquired / surgery
  • Preoperative Period
  • Prevalence
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality of Life
  • Rhinoplasty*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • United Kingdom / epidemiology