Radiomics and its emerging role in lung cancer research, imaging biomarkers and clinical management: State of the art

Eur J Radiol. 2017 Jan:86:297-307. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.09.005. Epub 2016 Sep 10.

Abstract

With the development of functional imaging modalities we now have the ability to study the microenvironment of lung cancer and its genomic instability. Radiomics is defined as the use of automated or semi-automated post-processing and analysis of large amounts of quantitative imaging features that can be derived from medical images. The automated generation of these analytical features helps to quantify a number of variables in the imaging assessment of lung malignancy. These imaging features include: tumor spatial complexity, elucidation of the tumor genomic heterogeneity and composition, subregional identification in terms of tumor viability or aggressiveness, and response to chemotherapy and/or radiation. Therefore, a radiomic approach can help to reveal unique information about tumor behavior. Currently available radiomic features can be divided into four major classes: (a) morphological, (b) statistical, (c) regional, and (d) model-based. Each category yields quantitative parameters that reflect specific aspects of a tumor. The major challenge is to integrate radiomic data with clinical, pathological, and genomic information to decode the different types of tissue biology. There are many currently available radiomic studies on lung cancer for which there is a need to summarize the current state of the art.

Keywords: Biomarkers; Computed tomography; Image processing; Lung cancer; Outcomes assessment; Positron emission tomography.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Genomics
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography / methods
  • Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor