A Molecular Approach to the Sexing of the Triple Burial at the Upper Paleolithic Site of Dolní Věstonice

PLoS One. 2016 Oct 5;11(10):e0163019. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163019. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

In the past decades ancient DNA research has brought numerous insights to archaeological research where traditional approaches were limited. The determination of sex in human skeletal remains is often challenging for physical anthropologists when dealing with incomplete, juvenile or pathological specimens. Molecular approaches allow sexing on the basis of sex-specific markers or by calculating the ratio of DNA derived from different chromosomes. Here we propose a novel approach that relies on the ratio of X chromosome-derived shotgun sequencing data to the autosomal coverage, thus establishing the probability of an XX or XY karyotype. Applying this approach to the individuals of the Upper Paleolithic triple burial of Dolní Věstonice reveals that all three skeletons, including the individual DV 15, whose sex has long been debated due to a pathological condition, were male.

MeSH terms

  • Archaeology
  • Bone and Bones / metabolism*
  • Chromosomes, Human, X / genetics*
  • DNA / chemistry
  • DNA / isolation & purification
  • DNA / metabolism
  • Female
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Humans
  • Karyotype
  • Male
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Sex

Substances

  • DNA

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (KR 4015/1-1 to JK). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.