Imaging of Acute Lung Injury

Radiol Clin North Am. 2016 Nov;54(6):1119-1132. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2016.05.006. Epub 2016 Aug 11.

Abstract

Acute lung injury (ALI) is the clinical syndrome associated with histopathologic diffuse alveolar damage. It is a common cause of acute respiratory symptoms and admission to the intensive care unit. Diagnosis of ALI is typically based on clinical and radiographic criteria; however, because these criteria can be nonspecific, diagnostic uncertainty is common. A multidisciplinary approach that synthesizes clinical, imaging, and pathologic data can ensure an accurate diagnosis. Radiologists must be aware of the radiographic and computed tomographic findings of ALI and its mimics. This article discusses the multidisciplinary diagnosis of ALI from the perspective of the imager.

Keywords: Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP); Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP); Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP); Acute lung injury (ALI); Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD).

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acute Lung Injury / diagnostic imaging*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Evidence-Based Medicine
  • Humans
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / diagnostic imaging*
  • Pulmonary Alveoli / diagnostic imaging*
  • Radiographic Image Enhancement / methods*
  • Radiography, Thoracic / methods*
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods*