MRSA infections among patients in the emergency department: a European multicentre study

J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017 Feb;72(2):372-375. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw431. Epub 2016 Oct 17.

Abstract

Background: MRSA is a therapeutic concern worldwide, and a major agent of community-acquired skin and soft tissue infections (CA-SSTIs). While the US epidemiology of MRSA in CA-SSTIs is well described and reports the high prevalence of the USA300 clone, data on the European situation are lacking.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and clonal characteristics of MRSA in CA-SSTIs in seven European emergency departments.

Patients and methods: From April to June 2015, patients presenting to the tertiary hospital emergency department with a Staphylococcus aureus CA-SSTI were prospectively enrolled. S. aureus isolates were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of Panton-Valentine leucocidin encoding genes and spa-typing, MLST and/or DNA microarray.

Results: Two-hundred and five cases of S. aureus-associated CA-SSTIs were included, comprising folliculitis, furuncles, abscesses, paronychia, impetigo, carbuncles and cellulitis. Of the 205 cases, we report an MRSA prevalence rate of 15.1%, with a north (0%) to south (29%) increasing gradient. Fifty-one isolates were Panton-Valentine leucocidin-positive (24.9%), whether MSSA or MRSA, with a heterogeneous distribution between countries. Clonal distribution of MSSA and MRSA showed high diversity, with no predominant circulating clone and no archetypical USA300 CA-MRSA clone.

Conclusions: This original prospective multicentre study highlights stark differences in European MRSA epidemiology compared with the USA, and that the USA300 CA-MRSA clone is not predominant among community-infected patients in Europe.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Bacterial Toxins / genetics
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Community-Acquired Infections / epidemiology*
  • Community-Acquired Infections / microbiology
  • Emergency Service, Hospital*
  • Europe / epidemiology
  • Exotoxins / genetics
  • Female
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Leukocidins / genetics
  • Male
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / classification
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / genetics
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / isolation & purification*
  • Microarray Analysis
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Multilocus Sequence Typing
  • Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
  • Prevalence
  • Prospective Studies
  • Soft Tissue Infections / epidemiology*
  • Soft Tissue Infections / microbiology
  • Staphylococcal Infections / epidemiology*
  • Staphylococcal Infections / microbiology
  • Staphylococcal Protein A / genetics
  • Tertiary Care Centers
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Bacterial Toxins
  • Exotoxins
  • Leukocidins
  • Panton-Valentine leukocidin
  • Staphylococcal Protein A