Bone health and adherence to vitamin D and calcium therapy in early breast cancer patients on endocrine therapy with aromatase inhibitors

Breast. 2017 Feb:31:16-19. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.10.018. Epub 2016 Oct 27.

Abstract

Objectives: Randomized trials involving aromatase inhibitors (AIs) in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer patients have reported increased osteoporosis risk. Bone loss can be reduced with appropriate life style, vitamin D and calcium supplements, and with bisphosphonate therapy. The aim of this analysis was to investigate adherence to vitamin D and calcium in postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant non-steroidal AIs, and oncologists' adherence to the bone health guidelines.

Material and methods: This prospective study included 438 newly diagnosed patients and those who have already been receiving non-steroidal AIs for up to 3.5 years. Median endocrine therapy duration before recruitment in the study was 10.5 months (interquartile 4.8-26.6).

Results: Densitometry was performed on 142 patients (32.4%) before initiation of endocrine therapy, and on additional 38 (8.6%) patients at second study visit. Densitometry was not performed on 258 (59%) patients. Vitamin D and calcium were prescribed to 329/438 (75.1%) patients at some point during the study. Patients who took more than 80% of the prescribed dose were considered adherent. Self-reported adherence was 88.4%. Osteoporosis was diagnosed in 24 patients (5.5%) of the total study population, bearing in mind that 258/438 (59%) patients did not have densitometry. Bisphosphonates were prescribed to 54/438 (12.3%) patients, whilst only 19 (35.2%) of those had osteoporosis.

Conclusion: In this analysis, lack of oncologists' adherence to the bone health guidelines was observed. In addition, a significant proportion of the patients did not adhere to the vitamin D and calcium.

Keywords: Aromatase inhibitors; Bone health; Breast cancer; Calcium; Vitamin D.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aromatase Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Bone Density / drug effects
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Breast Neoplasms / psychology
  • Calcium / administration & dosage
  • Calcium / standards
  • Croatia
  • Dietary Supplements / standards
  • Diphosphonates / administration & dosage
  • Diphosphonates / standards
  • Drug Prescriptions / statistics & numerical data
  • Drug Therapy, Combination / standards
  • Female
  • Guideline Adherence / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Medication Adherence / statistics & numerical data*
  • Middle Aged
  • Osteoporosis / chemically induced
  • Osteoporosis / prevention & control*
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Vitamin D / administration & dosage
  • Vitamin D / standards
  • Vitamins / administration & dosage
  • Vitamins / standards

Substances

  • Aromatase Inhibitors
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents
  • Diphosphonates
  • Vitamins
  • Vitamin D
  • Calcium