Role of Ranolazine in cardiovascular disease and diabetes: Exploring beyond angina

Int J Cardiol. 2017 Jan 15:227:556-564. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.102. Epub 2016 Nov 2.

Abstract

Ranolazine was FDA approved for chronic angina in 2006. Since then, there has been extensive research involving this drug. The mechanism of action, debatable at the time of approval, has been demonstrated. Ranolazine acts via inhibition of late sodium channel current in the myocardium. This acts by lowering abnormally high cytosolic calcium levels. Other possible clinical applications of Ranolazine have also been explored. Out of many lines of investigation, its effects in atrial fibrillation, especially post-CABG and recurrent atrial fibrillation show promise. It has also shown definite HbA1c lowering effects when used in diabetics with coronary artery disease. Other possible indications for the drug include pulmonary arterial hypertension, diastolic dysfunction and chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. This review aims to summarize major research regarding Ranolazine in potential applications beyond chronic angina. There are few dedicated large, randomized, phase III trials exploring the newer effects of Ranolazine. There are a few such trials underway, but more are needed.

Keywords: Angina; Atrial fibrillation; Diabetes; Diastolic dysfunction; Pulmonary arterial hypertension; Ranolazine.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Angina Pectoris / diagnosis
  • Angina Pectoris / drug therapy*
  • Angina Pectoris / mortality
  • Atrial Fibrillation / drug therapy*
  • Atrial Fibrillation / mortality
  • Atrial Fibrillation / prevention & control
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnosis
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / drug therapy
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality
  • Chronic Disease
  • Diabetes Mellitus / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / mortality
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Ranolazine / therapeutic use*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Role
  • Sodium Channel Blockers / therapeutic use*
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Sodium Channel Blockers
  • Ranolazine