Pulsed electromagnetic field ameliorates cartilage degeneration by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinases in a rat model of osteoarthritis

Phys Ther Sport. 2017 Mar:24:32-38. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.10.003. Epub 2016 Oct 27.

Abstract

Objectives: We assessed the effects of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on cartilage degeneration, and expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), in an experimental rat model of osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT).

Design: Experimental.

Setting: University animal laboratory.

Participants: 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Main outcome measures: We performed histological examination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, to assess cartilage degeneration, urine C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II), and mRNA expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (c-Jun), p38, and MMPs.

Results: Urinary CTX-II in the PEMF group was significantly lower than in the ACLT group at 9 and 13 weeks. Mankin scores in the PEMF group significantly lower than that in the ACLT group (P < 0.01). mRNA expression of ERK1, c-Jun, p38, MMP-13 and MMP-3 was significantly higher in the ACLT group than in the Sham group, while that with the sole exception of MMP-3 in the PEMF group was significantly lower than in the ACLT group.

Conclusions: PEMF may regulate the catabolic factor, MMP13, and inhibit cartilage destruction, at least partially, by inhibiting MAPKs signaling pathway.

Keywords: Mitogen-activated protein kinases; Osteoarthritis; Pulsed electromagnetic field.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cartilage, Articular / metabolism
  • Cartilage, Articular / radiation effects*
  • Collagen Type II / urine
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Electromagnetic Fields*
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / metabolism
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System / radiation effects
  • Male
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / metabolism
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / radiation effects*
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / radiation effects*
  • Osteoarthritis / metabolism
  • Osteoarthritis / prevention & control*
  • Peptide Fragments / urine
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Substances

  • Collagen Type II
  • Peptide Fragments
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13
  • Mmp13 protein, rat