Inductors and regulatory properties of the genomic island-associated fru2 metabolic operon of Streptococcus agalactiae

Mol Microbiol. 2017 Feb;103(4):678-697. doi: 10.1111/mmi.13581. Epub 2016 Dec 7.

Abstract

The fru2 metabolic operon of Streptococcus agalactiae encodes the phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) enzyme II complex Fru2 (EIIBFru2 , EIIAFru2 , and EIICFru2 ); Fru2 R, a transcriptional activator with PTS regulatory domains (PRDs); a d-allulose-6-phosphate 3-epimerase; a transaldolase; and a transketolase. We showed that the transcription of fru2 is induced during the stationary phase of growth in complex media and during incubation in human cerebrospinal or amniotic fluids. d-allose and d-ribose are environmental signals governing this induction. PTSFru2 is involved in the activation of the fru2 promoter, and the histidine-67 of EIIAFru2 and the cysteine-9 of EIIBFru2 are important for this function. The activation of fru2 is also controlled by Fru2 R. The histidine-243 in the PRD1 domain, the histidine-323 in the PRD2 domain, the cysteine-400 in the EIIB-like domain, and the histidine-549 in the EIIA-like domain are important for the function of Fru2 R. Fru2 R binds to a DNA region containing palindromic sequences upstream of the identified transcriptional start site. EIIBFru2 interacts physically with the C-terminal part of Fru2 R (expressing the EIIB-like and EIIA-like motifs) and with EIIAFru2 . We propose a model of regulation of fru2 depending on the presence of an activatory carbohydrate in the growth medium.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amniotic Fluid / metabolism
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid / metabolism
  • Culture Media / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / genetics*
  • Genes, Regulator / genetics*
  • Genomic Islands / genetics
  • Glucose / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Operon / genetics
  • Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System / genetics*
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics
  • Ribose / metabolism*
  • Streptococcus agalactiae* / genetics
  • Streptococcus agalactiae* / growth & development
  • Streptococcus agalactiae* / metabolism
  • Transcriptional Activation / genetics

Substances

  • Culture Media
  • Ribose
  • Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System
  • Glucose