Long-term prognosis of end-stage renal disease patients with normal myocardial perfusion as determined by single photon emission computed tomography

Korean J Intern Med. 2018 Jan;33(1):148-156. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2016.116. Epub 2016 Nov 22.

Abstract

Background/aims: Normal myocardial perfusion is closely associated with very low rates of cardiac events and better long-term outcomes; however, little is known about its prognostic value in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Methods: A total of 286 incident patients underwent baseline cardiac evaluations using echocardiography and stress-rest single-photon emission computed tomography. Perfusion scans for 177 patients (61.9%) who had a summed stress score (SSS) < 4 were normal.

Results: During the 4-year follow-up period, 79 cardiac events occurred. Patients with a SSS < 4 had significantly lower annual rates of cardiac events than did those with a SSS ≥ 4 (6.4% vs. 13.2%; hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.31 to 0.94). Among patients with a SSS < 4, however, cardiac event rates significantly differed according to the presence of comorbid conditions such as old age, diabetes, history of coronary artery disease, and elevated C-reactive protein levels. In addition, the presence of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and LV hypertrophy at the start of hemodialysis strongly influenced future cardiac events.

Conclusions: In patients with ESRD, normal perfusion scans usually indicate a significantly low risk of adverse cardiac events. However, even in patients with normal perfusion scans, the cardiovascular prognosis is largely dependent on baseline inflammation levels and comorbidities.

Keywords: Cardiac events; Inflammation; Kidney failure, chronic; Normal perfusion scintigraphy.

MeSH terms

  • Coronary Artery Disease / complications
  • Coronary Circulation / physiology*
  • Exercise Test
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Diseases / etiology
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / diagnostic imaging
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Myocardial Perfusion Imaging / methods*
  • Prognosis
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*