The impact of functional vs degenerative mitral regurgitation on clinical outcomes among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Am Heart J. 2017 Feb:184:71-80. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.10.015. Epub 2016 Oct 28.

Abstract

Background: Among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), concomitant mitral regurgitation (MR) has been associated with adverse prognosis. We aimed to assess long-term clinical outcomes according to MR etiology.

Methods: In a single-center registry of consecutive patients undergoing TAVI, we investigated the impact of functional (FMR) vs degenerative (DMR) MR on cardiovascular (CV) mortality throughout 2years of follow-up.

Results: Among 603 patients (mean age 82.4±5.7years, 55% female) undergoing TAVI, 149 patients had moderate or severe MR (24.7%). Functional MR and DMR were documented in 53 (36%) and 96 (64%) patients, respectively. At 2years, patients with FMR and DMR had higher rates of CV mortality (30.2% vs 32.4%) as compared with patients with no MR (14.6%; FMR vs no MR: hazard ratio [HR] 2.32, 95% CI 1.34-4.02, P=.003; DMR vs no MR: HR 2.56, 95% CI 1.66-3.96, P<.001). In adjusted analyses, DMR was associated with an increased risk of CV mortality throughout the 2-year follow-up (adjusted HR 2.21, 95% CI 1.4-3.49, P=.001) as compared with FMR (adjusted HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.59-2.18, P=.707). Relevant MR was postprocedurally significantly reduced in both the DMR and FMR groups, whereas improvement of a decreased left ventricular ejection fraction was predominantly seen in the FMR group as compared with baseline.

Conclusion: Patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI complicated by moderate or severe MR portend impaired prognosis. Particularly, patients with DMR are at increased risk for CV mortality during long-term follow-up.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / complications
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / complications
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / diagnostic imaging
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / physiopathology*
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Registries*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement