Single-session Gamma Knife radiosurgery for optic pathway/hypothalamic gliomas

J Neurosurg. 2016 Dec;125(Suppl 1):50-57. doi: 10.3171/2016.8.GKS161432.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE Because of their critical and central location, it is deemed necessary to fractionate when considering irradiating optic pathway/hypothalamic gliomas. Stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy is considered safer when dealing with gliomas in this location. In this study, the safety and efficacy of single-session stereotactic radiosurgery for optic pathway/hypothalamic gliomas were reviewed. METHODS Between December 2004 and June 2014, 22 patients with optic pathway/hypothalamic gliomas were treated by single-session Gamma Knife radiosurgery. Twenty patients were available for follow-up for a minimum of 1 year after treatment. The patients were 5 to 43 years (median 16 years) of age. The tumor volume was 0.15 to 18.2 cm3 (median 3.1 cm3). The prescription dose ranged from 8 to 14 Gy (median 11.5 Gy). RESULTS The mean follow-up period was 43 months. Five tumors involved the optic nerve only, and 15 tumors involved the chiasm/hypothalamus. Two patients died during the follow-up period. The tumors shrank in 12 cases, remained stable in 6 cases, and progressed in 2 cases, thereby making the tumor control rate 90%. Vision remained stable in 12 cases, improved in 6 cases, and worsened in 2 cases in which there was tumor progression. Progression-free survival was 83% at 3 years. CONCLUSIONS The initial results indicate that single-session Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a safe and effective treatment option for optic pathway/hypothalamic gliomas.

Keywords: EBRT = external-beam radiotherapy; Gamma Knife; MRS = MR spectroscopy; fractionation; glioma; hypothalamic; optic; single session; stereotactic radiosurgery.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Glioma / radiotherapy*
  • Humans
  • Hypothalamic Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Male
  • Optic Chiasm*
  • Optic Nerve Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Optic Tract*
  • Radiosurgery / adverse effects
  • Radiosurgery / methods*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult