The effects of SOST on implant osseointegration in ovariectomy osteoporotic mice

Arch Oral Biol. 2017 Feb:74:82-91. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.11.012. Epub 2016 Nov 21.

Abstract

Objective: Osteoporosis is a risk factor for implant fixation failure. The inhibition of sclerostin effectively improves bone formation and bone remodeling. Therefore, this study investigated whether SOST deficiency enhances the osseointegration of implants in a mouse model of osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy (OVX).

Design: Osteoporosis was induced in female C57BL/6 and SOST deficient mice by OVX. Titanium implants were placed in the bilateral distal aspects of the femurs. Implants underwent sandblasting and acid-etching after which the structure, surface roughness and chemical components were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy spectrum analyses. Undecalcified slices, μ-CT, histology analyses and mechanical tests were used to evaluate the osseointegration of implants. The results were compared using one-way ANOVA between four groups.

Results: Sandblasting and acid-etching increased the roughness of the implants. OVX surgery reduced bone formation around the implants in both WT and SOST-/- mice. However, implant osseointegration was significantly improved in the SOST-/- OVX mice compared to the WT OVX mice.

Conclusions: Inhibition of the SOST gene improved implant fixation in the OVX osteoporotic mice, which suggests a strategy for enhancing implant osseointegration in clinical patients with osteoporosis.

Keywords: Implant; Osseointegration; Osteoporosis; Sclerostin.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • Animals
  • Bone Remodeling / drug effects
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Femur / drug effects
  • Femur / injuries
  • Glycoproteins / genetics
  • Glycoproteins / pharmacology*
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Osseointegration / drug effects*
  • Osteogenesis / drug effects
  • Osteoporosis / pathology*
  • Osteoporosis / surgery
  • Ovariectomy
  • Prostheses and Implants*
  • Surface Properties
  • Titanium / chemistry

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • Glycoproteins
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Sost protein, mouse
  • Titanium