Obesity in Middle Age Increases Risk of Later Heart Failure in Women-Results From the Prospective Population Study of Women and H70 Studies in Gothenburg, Sweden

J Card Fail. 2017 May;23(5):363-369. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.12.003. Epub 2016 Dec 8.

Abstract

Objective: Obesity has been shown to be a risk factor for heart failure (HF), but whether the association varies by age is not understood. The aim was to examine the impact of obesity/overweight on the risk of developing heart failure in women of different ages by analysing prospective data from 2 population studies.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg and the Gerontologic and Geriatric Population Studies concerning body mass index (BMI) collected in 1980 or later. Follow-up ended in 2006. Cox proportional hazard methods were used to determine associations between developing HF and BMI in 2574 women, 1243 aged 26-65 years and 1331 aged 66-76 years, at baseline.

Results: Women aged 26-65 years at baseline with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 had an increased risk of developing HF (hazard ratio [HR] 2.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.56-4.35) even when controlling for age, glucose, smoking, alcohol consumption, serum triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure (reference group: women with BMI 18.5-22.4 kg/m2). Obese women aged 66-76 years at baseline did not show increased risk of developing HF (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.23-1.29).

Conclusions: Obesity in middle-age women increases their risk of developing HF later in life. In contrast, obesity later in life shows no association with HF.

Keywords: Obesity; heart failure; longitudinal study; women.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Failure / blood
  • Heart Failure / diagnosis*
  • Heart Failure / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / blood
  • Obesity / diagnosis*
  • Obesity / epidemiology*
  • Population Surveillance* / methods
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sweden / epidemiology