Eye movements in cocaine abusers

Psychiatry Res. 1989 Aug;29(2):123-36. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(89)90027-9.

Abstract

Using electro-oculography, we quantitatively investigated eye movements in nine heavy cocaine abusers and three groups of controls. Plasma levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), a major metabolite of brain norepinephrine, in cocaine abusers were reduced to an average of 53% of normal. Cocaine abusers had normal smooth pursuit, optokinetic nystagmus, vestibulo-ocular reflex, visual suppression of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, and caloric nystagmus. Data were suggestive of a significant reduction in the degree of immediate enhancement of visual-vestibulo-ocular reflex gain by magnified vision in the cocaine abusers. However, adaptive plasticity of the vestibulo-ocular reflex was normal in the cocaine abusers. These results suggest that, despite animal data linking vestibulo-ocular reflex plasticity to central norepinephrine, this neurotransmitter may not be important to plasticity in human beings.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Caloric Tests
  • Cocaine*
  • Eye Movements / drug effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol / blood
  • Nystagmus, Physiologic / drug effects
  • Psychiatric Department, Hospital
  • Pursuit, Smooth / drug effects
  • Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular / drug effects
  • Saccades / drug effects
  • Substance-Related Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Substance-Related Disorders / rehabilitation

Substances

  • Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol
  • Cocaine