Downhill exercise training in monocrotaline-injected rats: Effects on echocardiographic and haemodynamic variables and survival

Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2017 Feb;110(2):106-115. doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2016.05.008. Epub 2017 Jan 20.

Abstract

Background: Eccentric exercise training has been shown to improve muscle force strength without excessive cardiovascular stress. Such an exercise modality deserves to be tested in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Aim: We aimed to assess the effects of an eccentric training modality on cardiac function and survival in an experimental monocrotaline-induced model of pulmonary arterial hypertension with right ventricular dysfunction.

Methods: Forty rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups: 40mg/kg monocrotaline-injected sedentary rats; 40mg/kg monocrotaline-injected eccentric-trained rats; sedentary control rats; or eccentric-trained control rats. Eccentric exercise training consisted of downhill running on a treadmill with a -15° slope for 30minutes, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Training tolerance was assessed by echocardiography, right ventricle catheterization and the rats' maximal eccentric speed.

Results: Survival in monocrotaline-injected eccentric-trained rats was not different from that in monocrotaline-injected sedentary rats. Monocrotaline-injected eccentric-trained rats tolerated this training modality well, and haemodynamic status did not deteriorate further compared with monocrotaline-injected sedentary rats. The eccentric maximal speed decline was less pronounced in trained compared with sedentary pulmonary arterial hypertension rats.

Conclusions: Eccentric exercise training had no detrimental effects on right heart pressure, cardiac function and survival in rats with stable monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension.

Keywords: Dysfonction ventriculaire droite; Eccentric exercise; Echocardiography; Entraînement; Exercice excentrique; Hypertension pulmonaire; Monocrotaline; Pulmonary hypertension; Right ventricular dysfunction; Training; Échocardiographie.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnosis
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / physiopathology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / therapy*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Echocardiography*
  • Heart Ventricles / diagnostic imaging*
  • Heart Ventricles / drug effects
  • Heart Ventricles / physiopathology
  • Hemodynamics / physiology*
  • Male
  • Monocrotaline / toxicity*
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal / methods*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar

Substances

  • Monocrotaline