Traumatic subdural hematoma: Is there a weekend effect?

Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2017 Mar:154:67-73. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.01.014. Epub 2017 Jan 22.

Abstract

Objective: Traumatic subdural hematoma (TSDH) is a surgical emergency. The effect of weekend admission on surgery and in-hospital outcomes in TSDH is not known.

Methods: We queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2002 to 2011 and used ICD-9-CM codes to identify all non-elective admissions with a primary diagnosis of TSDH. We did a subgroup analysis of patients who underwent surgical evacuation. Predictor variables included several patient and hospital characteristics. Outcome variables included length of stay, total hospitalization cost, in-hospital complications, adverse discharge disposition, and in-hospital mortality. We used multivariable analysis to determine if weekend admission was independently associated with increased likelihood of poor outcomes.

Results: Out of a total of 404,212 TSDH admissions, 24.8% received surgical intervention. Patients admitted on weekends were less likely to undergo surgical intervention (odds ratio [OR]: 0.85). In the surgical cohort, weekend admissions consisted of more patients with prolonged loss of consciousness (24+h) without return to baseline (7.0% vs. 4.8%). In all TSDH patients and in sub-group of surgical cohort, weekend admission was associated with an increased likelihood of in-hospital complication (OR: 1.06 and 1.12), prolonged length of stay (OR: 1.08 and 1.17), increased total hospital costs (OR: 1.04 and 1.11), adverse discharge (OR: 1.08 and 1.18), and in-hospital mortality (OR: 1.04 and 1.11). All p-values were less than 0.01.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that patients admitted on weekends had similar mortality despite higher severity with no clinically significant weekend effect for tSDH.

Keywords: Mortality; Nationwide inpatient sample; Outcomes; Subdural hematoma; Surgical intervention; Weekend effect.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Hematoma, Subdural / epidemiology
  • Hematoma, Subdural / mortality
  • Hematoma, Subdural / surgery
  • Hematoma, Subdural / therapy*
  • Hospital Mortality*
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay / statistics & numerical data*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care / statistics & numerical data*
  • Patient Admission / statistics & numerical data*
  • Time Factors
  • Trauma Severity Indices
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Young Adult