Bayesian joint analysis of heterogeneous- and skewed-longitudinal data and a binary outcome, with application to AIDS clinical studies

In medical studies, heterogeneous- and skewed-longitudinal data with mis-measured covariates are often observed together with a clinically important binary outcome. A finite mixture of joint models is currently used to fit heterogeneous-longitudinal data and binary outcome, in which these two parts are connected by the individual latent class membership. The skew distributions, such as skew-normal and skew-t, have shown beneficial in dealing with asymmetric data in various applications in literature. However, there has been relatively few studies concerning joint modeling of heterogeneous- and skewed-longitudinal data and a binary outcome. In this article, we propose a joint model in which a flexible finite mixture of nonlinear mixed-effects models with skew distributions is connected with binary logistic model by a latent class membership indicator. Simulation studies are conducted to assess the performance of the proposed models and method, and a real example from an AIDS clinical trial study illustrates the methodology by modeling the viral dynamics to compare potential models with different distribution specifications; the analysis results are reported.