Candidaemia due to Candida parapsilosis species complex at a hospital in Brazil: Clinical characteristics and antifungal susceptibility profile

Rev Iberoam Micol. 2017 Apr-Jun;34(2):106-108. doi: 10.1016/j.riam.2016.06.008. Epub 2017 Feb 15.

Abstract

Background: Recent decades have seen a global emergence of candidaemia caused by non-Candida albicans Candida species, particularly the Candida parapsilosis complex.

Aims: To evaluate the clinical features and antifungal susceptibility profiles of isolates belonging to the C. parapsilosis species complex in patients with candidaemia in a midwestern Brazilian tertiary-care teaching hospital.

Methods: Yeast identification was performed using an automated Vitek 2 Compact system. PCR-RFLP was employed for species differentiation.

Results: Five cases of infection by C. parapsilosis sensu stricto and two by Candida orthopsilosis were found. Of the seven cases, five were adult patients undergoing haemodialysis. The only isolate of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto resistant to fluconazole (MIC=8μg/ml) was obtained from a patient on a long-term regimen with this drug. This was the only patient who evolved to death.

Conclusions: Resistance to antifungal agents poses a therapeutic challenge, especially for non-C. albicans Candida species, and requires continuous monitoring using susceptibility tests because resistance in vitro can be predictive of treatment failure. In the present study, in vitro antifungal susceptibility proved consistent with clinical outcome.

Keywords: Agentes antifúngicos; Antifungal agents; Candida orthopsilosis; Candida parapsilosis; Candidaemia; Candidemia.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Amphotericin B / pharmacology
  • Antifungal Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antifungal Agents / therapeutic use
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Candida parapsilosis / drug effects
  • Candida parapsilosis / isolation & purification*
  • Candidemia / drug therapy
  • Candidemia / epidemiology*
  • Candidemia / microbiology
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cross Infection / epidemiology*
  • Cross Infection / microbiology
  • Drug Resistance, Fungal
  • Hospital Units
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Mycological Typing Techniques
  • Renal Dialysis
  • Tertiary Care Centers
  • Triazoles / pharmacology

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Triazoles
  • Amphotericin B