Caregivers' effect on weight management in adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities

Disabil Health J. 2017 Oct;10(4):542-547. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.02.001. Epub 2017 Feb 12.

Abstract

Introduction: Caregivers of adults with IDD often play a large role in the ability of adults with IDD to lose weight.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine to examine the effects of the caregivers' perceived burdens and self-efficacy and their relationship to an individual (family member or paid staff) on weight changes across a weight management intervention for adults with IDD.

Methods: Overweight/obese adults with mild to moderate IDD, along with assigned caregivers who served as their study partner, were randomized to an 18-month weight management intervention. The living environment and caregiver relationship were assessed at baseline. Caregivers completed questionnaires regarding perceived hassles, uplifts, and self-efficacy in helping the participant follow a weight management intervention.

Results: 147 adults with IDD (∼57% women and ∼16% minorities) were included in data analysis. After 18 months, there were no differences in weight loss between participants who had a family member as their study partner and those who had a paid assistant as their study partner (-5.5 ± 5.2% vs. -5.6± 5.3% p = 0.16). However, paid assistants reported more hassles with following the diet intervention at 6 months (p < 0.05). Participants who had a paid assistant as their study partner were more likely to have multiple study partners during the study, which was correlated with smaller weight loss.

Conclusion: While caregivers are important for weight management of adults with IDD, the caregiver's relationship to the participant does not affect weight change in an intervention.

Keywords: Adults; Caregiver; Family; Intellectual and development disabilities; Weight management.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Attitude of Health Personnel
  • Body Weight
  • Caregivers*
  • Developmental Disabilities*
  • Diet
  • Family*
  • Feeding Behavior
  • Female
  • Health Personnel*
  • Humans
  • Intellectual Disability*
  • Job Satisfaction
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity* / complications
  • Obesity* / diet therapy
  • Persons with Disabilities*
  • Self Efficacy
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult