Impact of home visit capacity on genetic association studies of late-onset Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimers Dement. 2017 Aug;13(8):933-939. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.01.012. Epub 2017 Feb 21.

Abstract

Introduction: Findings for genetic correlates of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) in studies that rely solely on clinic visits may differ from those with capacity to follow participants unable to attend clinic visits.

Methods: We evaluated previously identified LOAD-risk single nucleotide variants in the prospective Adult Changes in Thought study, comparing hazard ratios (HRs) estimated using the full data set of both in-home and clinic visits (n = 1697) to HRs estimated using only data that were obtained from clinic visits (n = 1308). Models were adjusted for age, sex, principal components to account for ancestry, and additional health indicators.

Results: LOAD associations nominally differed for 4 of 21 variants; CR1 and APOE variants were significant after Bonferroni correction.

Discussion: Estimates of genetic associations may differ for studies limited to clinic-only designs. Home visit capacity should be explored as a possible source of heterogeneity and potential bias in genetic studies.

Keywords: Ascertainment bias; Bias; Cohort studies; Genetics; Genome-wide association studies; Genome-wide studies; Home research study visits; Inference; Late-onset Alzheimer's disease; Longitudinal studies; Missing data; Population-based studies; Prospective studies; Research clinic study visits; Selection bias.

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Age of Onset
  • Aged
  • Alzheimer Disease / genetics*
  • Apolipoproteins E / genetics
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Genetic Association Studies*
  • House Calls*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Principal Component Analysis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Receptors, Complement 3b / genetics
  • Research Design*
  • Sex Factors
  • Superior Sagittal Sinus

Substances

  • Apolipoproteins E
  • CR1 protein, human
  • Receptors, Complement 3b