Fragmented QRS complex predicts contrast-induced nephropathy and in-hospital mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Clin Cardiol. 2017 Apr;40(4):235-242. doi: 10.1002/clc.22651. Epub 2017 Feb 28.

Abstract

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is associated with increased mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Recently, fragmented QRS complex (fQRS) on 12-lead electrocardiography has been introduced as a marker of cardiovascular disease and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

Hypothesis: fQRS on ECG is associated with CIN and in-hospital mortality after primary PCI in patients with STEMI.

Methods: Eight hundred ninety-five patients with first STEMI treated by primary PCI were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of fQRS as shown by 12-lead electrocardiography in the first 24 hours. fQRS was defined by presence of an additional R wave (R″), or notching of the S wave, or >1 R' in 2 contiguous leads. Patients were then reallocated to 2 groups according to presence or absence of postprocedural CIN, which was defined as a rise in serum creatinine of 0.5 mg/dL or a 25% increase from baseline value within 72 hours after the procedure.

Results: Patients with a fQRS were older and had significantly lower left ventricular ejection fraction. CIN occurred in 77 (8.6%) patients. The prevalence of CIN and in-hospital mortality was significantly higher in the fQRS(+) group. In multivariate analysis, fQRS was found to be an independent predictor of CIN (odds ratio: 3.125, P = 0.029) and in-hospital mortality (odds ratio: 9.062, P = 0.009).

Conclusions: The fQRS is an independent predictor of postprocedural CIN and in-hospital mortality in STEMI patients.

Keywords: Fragmented QRS complex; ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; contrast-induced nephropathy; in-hospital mortality.

MeSH terms

  • Contrast Media / adverse effects*
  • Coronary Angiography / adverse effects*
  • Electrocardiography
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hospital Mortality / trends
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Renal Insufficiency / chemically induced*
  • Renal Insufficiency / mortality
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment / methods*
  • Risk Factors
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / surgery*
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Time Factors
  • Turkey / epidemiology

Substances

  • Contrast Media