Successful treatment of histiocytic sarcoma with cladribine and high-dose cytosine arabinoside in a child

Int J Hematol. 2017 Aug;106(2):299-303. doi: 10.1007/s12185-017-2202-8. Epub 2017 Feb 28.

Abstract

Histiocytic sarcoma, a rare hematopoietic neoplasm with evidence of histiocytic differentiation, is often refractory to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and its prognosis is generally dismal. The optimal management of this malignancy has not been established. We report a case of 8-year-old girl with histiocytic sarcoma involving the left femur. The tumor rapidly responded to a combination of cladribine and high-dose cytosine arabinoside, an aggressive salvage regimen for refractory Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and became impalpable during the first cycle. The patient has remained in complete remission more than 7 years from diagnosis.

Keywords: Cladribine; Cytosine arabinoside; Histiocytic sarcoma.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Cladribine / administration & dosage
  • Cladribine / adverse effects
  • Cytarabine / administration & dosage
  • Cytarabine / adverse effects
  • Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Female
  • Histiocytic Sarcoma / diagnostic imaging
  • Histiocytic Sarcoma / drug therapy*
  • Histiocytic Sarcoma / pathology
  • Humans
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Remission Induction
  • Salvage Therapy
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Cytarabine
  • Cladribine