Characterization of the Dynamic Transcriptome of a Herpesvirus with Long-read Single Molecule Real-Time Sequencing

Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 3:7:43751. doi: 10.1038/srep43751.

Abstract

Herpesvirus gene expression is co-ordinately regulated and sequentially ordered during productive infection. The viral genes can be classified into three distinct kinetic groups: immediate-early, early, and late classes. In this study, a massively parallel sequencing technique that is based on PacBio Single Molecule Real-time sequencing platform, was used for quantifying the poly(A) fraction of the lytic transcriptome of pseudorabies virus (PRV) throughout a 12-hour interval of productive infection on PK-15 cells. Other approaches, including microarray, real-time RT-PCR and Illumina sequencing are capable of detecting only the aggregate transcriptional activity of particular genomic regions, but not individual herpesvirus transcripts. However, SMRT sequencing allows for a distinction between transcript isoforms, including length- and splice variants, as well as between overlapping polycistronic RNA molecules. The non-amplified Isoform Sequencing (Iso-Seq) method was used to analyse the kinetic properties of the lytic PRV transcripts and to then classify them accordingly. Additionally, the present study demonstrates the general utility of long-read sequencing for the time-course analysis of global gene expression in practically any organism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line
  • Eukaryotic Cells / cytology
  • Eukaryotic Cells / virology
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Viral*
  • Genome, Viral / genetics
  • Genomics / methods
  • Herpesvirus 1, Suid / genetics*
  • Herpesvirus 1, Suid / physiology
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / methods*
  • Swine
  • Transcriptome*
  • Viral Proteins / genetics

Substances

  • Viral Proteins