Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects of arsenic trioxide on SQ20B human laryngeal carcinoma cells

Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2017 Jul 5;69(6):349-358. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.02.003. Epub 2017 Mar 3.

Abstract

This study investigates the cytotoxicity and the genotoxicity induced by arsenic trioxide As2O3in human laryngeal SQ20B carcinoma cell line. SQ20B cells were exposed to graded concentrations of arsenic trioxide (2 and 5μM) for 48h. Comet assay and γ-H2AX foci formation were used for measuring DNA damages, flow cytometry was used to identify cell cycle alterations and apoptosis, while cell morphology was visualized using transmission electron microscopy. The results show a dose-dependent induction of DNA damages and double strand breaks, alterations in cell cycle and morphologic alterations of cells. These results prove that As2O3 is highly cytotoxic and genotoxic at the micromolar range ina human laryngeal carcinoma cell line.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Arsenic trioxide; DNA damage; DNA double-strand breaks; Head and neck carcinoma cells; γH2AX.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Arsenic Trioxide
  • Arsenicals / pharmacology*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Comet Assay
  • DNA Damage
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Oxides / pharmacology*
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Arsenicals
  • Oxides
  • Arsenic Trioxide