Ratio of systolic blood pressure to left ventricular end-diastolic pressure at the time of primary percutaneous coronary intervention predicts in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2017 Sep 1;90(3):389-395. doi: 10.1002/ccd.26963. Epub 2017 Mar 17.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the ability of simple hemodynamic parameters obtained at the time of cardiac catheterization to predict in-hospital mortality following ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Background: Hemodynamic parameters measured at the time of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) could potentially identify high-risk patients who would benefit from aggressive hemodynamic support in the Cardiac Catheterization laboratory.

Methods: This is a retrospective single-center study of 219 consecutive patients with STEMI. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and aortic diastolic blood pressure were obtained after successful revascularization. The prognostic ability of LVEDP, pulse pressure, and SBP/LVEDP ratio were compared to major mortality risk scores.

Results: Patients had a mean age of 60 ±14 years, were predominantly white (73%), male (64%), with anterior wall infarcts in 39%. Comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (27%), heart failure (9%), and chronic kidney disease (7%). In-hospital mortality was 9%. Patients with SBP/LVEDP ≤ 4 had increased risk of in-hospital death (32% vs. 5.3%, P < 0.0001), intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) usage (51.6% vs. 9.6%, P < 0.0001) and combined endpoint of death or IABP usage (58.1% vs. 13.3%, P < 0.0001) compared to patients with SBP/LVEDP > 4. The area under curve (AUC) for SBP/LVEDP ratio for in-hospital mortality (0.69) was more predictive than LVEDP (0.61, P = 0.04) or pulse pressure (0.55, P = 0.02) but similar to Shock Index (ratio of heart rate to SBP) and Modified Shock Index (ratio of HR to mean arterial pressure).

Conclusion: An SBP/LVEDP ratio ≤ 4 identified a group of STEMI patients at high risk of in-hospital death. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords: LVEDP; ST-elevation myocardial infarction; cardiac catheterization; systolic blood pressure.

Publication types

  • Video-Audio Media

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Area Under Curve
  • Blood Pressure*
  • Cardiac Catheterization*
  • Cardiotonic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Hospital Mortality*
  • Humans
  • Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • North Carolina
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / mortality*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • ROC Curve
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis*
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / physiopathology
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / etiology
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / mortality
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / therapy
  • Stroke Volume*
  • Systole
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vasoconstrictor Agents / therapeutic use
  • Ventricular Function, Left*

Substances

  • Cardiotonic Agents
  • Vasoconstrictor Agents