Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis. Detection of drug resistance mechanisms

Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2017 Oct;35(8):520-528. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2017.01.015. Epub 2017 Mar 15.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Tuberculosis is still a serious public health problem, with 10.8 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths worldwide in 2015. The diversity among members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, the causal agent of tuberculosis, is conducive to the design of different methods for rapid diagnosis. Mutations in the genes involved in resistance mechanisms enable the bacteria to elude the treatment. We have reviewed the methods for the rapid diagnosis of M. tuberculosis complex and the detection of susceptibility to drugs, both of which are necessary to prevent the onset of new resistance and to establish early, appropriate treatment.

Keywords: Extensively drug-resistance; Multidrug-resistance; Multirresistencia; Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex; Resistencia extensa o extrema.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antitubercular Agents / pharmacology
  • Bacteriological Techniques*
  • Drug Resistance, Microbial* / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial* / genetics
  • Genes, Bacterial
  • Humans
  • Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
  • Mycobacterium / classification
  • Mycobacterium / genetics
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / drug effects*
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / growth & development
  • Phylogeny
  • Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
  • Time Factors
  • Tuberculosis / diagnosis*
  • Tuberculosis / microbiology
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / diagnosis
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / genetics
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / microbiology

Substances

  • Antitubercular Agents
  • Reagent Kits, Diagnostic