Obstructive sleep apnea in a 5 month old with tonsillar hypertrophy secondary to congenital neutropenia: Case report and literature review

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 May:96:103-105. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.01.002. Epub 2017 Jan 5.

Abstract

Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) is the primary surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children with tonsillar and adenoid hypertrophy (TAH). We present the case of a 5-month old male with congenital neutropenia who developed severe TAH during treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). He had severe OSA, decreased oral intake, and failure to thrive (FTT) which all improved after undergoing a successful intracapsular T&A. We describe a successful procedure to help alleviate symptoms of OSA and FTT in this young infant with congenital neutropenia who developed TAH during treatment with G-CSF. It highlights the need for further research into the pathophysiology of TAH in immunocompromised children and the effects of G-CSF on Waldeyer's Ring.

Keywords: Congenital neutropenia; Growth colony stimulating factor; Tonsillectomy.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adenoidectomy / methods
  • Adenoids / pathology
  • Adenoids / surgery
  • Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes
  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / adverse effects*
  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Hypertrophy / surgery
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Neutropenia / complications
  • Neutropenia / congenital*
  • Neutropenia / drug therapy
  • Palatine Tonsil / pathology
  • Palatine Tonsil / surgery
  • Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / etiology
  • Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / surgery*
  • Tonsillectomy / adverse effects

Substances

  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor

Supplementary concepts

  • Neutropenia, Severe Congenital, Autosomal Recessive 3