Objective: To investigate the trends in overweight and obesity in Chinese students during 1985-2014. Methods: Data were collected from the Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 1985, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014, with the sample size of 409 946, 204 977, 216 786, 234 421, 215 319, and 214 354, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity as well as the increase rates were calculated based on the body mass index (BMI) percentile criteria of Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC). Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in 2014 was 19.4% (41 608/214 354) among 7-18 y Chinese children. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24.2% (25 975/107 216) among boys, and 14.6% (15 633/107 138) among girls, with the prevalence among boys exceeding girls (P<0.001). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 22.3% (23 911/107 239) among urban students, and 16.5% (17 697/107 115) among rural students, with the prevalence among urban students exceeding rural students (P<0.001). The prevalence in 2014 differed among provinces, ranging from 2.3% (Hainan Province 166/7 200) to 16.3% (Tianjin 168/7 186). During 1985-2014, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among 7-18 y Chinese children increased continuously, with the annual increase rate of overweight ranging 0.27%-0.63%, and the annual increase rate of obesity ranging 0.10%-0.58%. The annual increase rates in 2010-2014 of obesity among the urban boys, urban girls, rural boys and rural girls were 0.62%, 0.42%, 0.79%, and 0.49%,respectively, peaking the annual increase rates during 1985-2014. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among 7-18 y Chinese children increased continuously during 1985-2014, with the annual increase rate of obesity in 2010-2014 peaking the increase rates during 1985-2014. There were gender and regional differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among 7-18 y Chinese children in 2014.
目的：分析中国1985—2014年学生超重与肥胖流行趋势。方法：利用1985、1995、2000、2005、2010、2014年的全国学生体质与健康调研资料进行分析，7~ 18岁汉族学生分别为409 946、204 977、216 786、234 421、215 319、214 354名。根据中国肥胖问题工作组"中国儿童青少年超重、肥胖体质量指数筛查分类标准"评价超重和肥胖，计算7~ 18岁汉族学生超重与肥胖检出率及年均增长值。结果： 2014年中国7~ 18岁学生的超重及肥胖检出率为19.4%（41 608/214 354），男生超重及肥胖检出率为24.2%（25 975/107 216），女生为14.6%（15 633/107 138），男生高于女生（P< 0.001）；城市学生超重及肥胖检出率为22.3%（23 911/107 239），乡村学生为16.5%（17 697/107 115），城市高于乡村（P<0.001）。2014年各省份7~ 18岁学生肥胖检出率差异较大，最低为海南（2.3%，166/7 200），最高为天津（16.3%，1 168/7 186）。1985—2014年中国7~ 18岁学生的超重、肥胖检出率持续处于正增长趋势，超重检出率年均增长值在0.27%～0.63％之间，肥胖检出率年均增长值在0.10%～0.58％之间。2010—2014年间肥胖检出率年均增长值在城市男生、城市女生、乡村男生、乡村女生4个群体中分别为0.62%、0.42%、0.79%、0.49%，达到1985—2014年间各阶段肥胖检出率年均增长值的最大值。结论： 1985—2014年中国学生超重与肥胖检出率持续增长，2010—2014年间肥胖检出率年均增长值达到1985—2014年间中最高时段；2014年超重及肥胖检出率存在性别及地区差异。.
Keywords: Adolescent; Child; Epidemiologic studies; Obesity; Overweight.