The Relationship Between Pain Characteristics, Peer Difficulties, and Emotional Functioning Among Adolescents Seeking Treatment for Chronic Pain: A Test of Mediational Models

J Pediatr Psychol. 2017 Oct 1;42(9):941-951. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsx074.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate patterns of relationships between pain characteristics, peer difficulties, and emotional functioning in a sample of adolescents seeking treatment for chronic pain.

Methods: Participants were 172 adolescents (age M = 14.88 years; 76% female, 88% White) with heterogeneous chronic pain disorders who completed measures of pain characteristics, peer difficulties, and emotional functioning before their new patient appointment in a pain management clinic. Direct and indirect relationships between variables were tested using path analysis.

Results: Adequate model fit was found for models that specified emotional functioning (anxiety and depression) as a mediator of the relationship between pain interference and peer difficulties. Conversely, poor fit was found for all models specifying peer difficulties as a mediator of the relationship between pain characteristics and emotional functioning.

Conclusions: Assessing and targeting depression and anxiety among youth with high pain interference may help prevent or improve peer difficulties.

Keywords: adolescents; anxiety; chronic pain; depression; peer difficulties.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Psychological
  • Adolescent
  • Adolescent Behavior / psychology*
  • Anxiety / psychology
  • Chronic Pain / psychology*
  • Chronic Pain / therapy*
  • Depression / psychology
  • Emotions
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Interpersonal Relations*
  • Male
  • Models, Psychological
  • Negotiating*
  • Pain Management
  • Pain Measurement
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care*
  • Peer Group*
  • Retrospective Studies