A comparison of hepatic steatosis index, controlled attenuation parameter and ultrasound as noninvasive diagnostic tools for steatosis in chronic hepatitis B

Dig Liver Dis. 2017 Aug;49(8):910-917. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2017.03.013. Epub 2017 Mar 30.

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the value of noninvasive tools for diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Methods: Consecutive treatment-naïve patients with CHB with body mass index less than 30kg/m2 who underwent liver biopsy, ultrasound and FibroScan® were enrolled. The diagnostic performance of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and ultrasound for hepatic steatosis compared with liver biopsy was assessed. The areas under receiver operating characteristics curves (AUROCs) were calculated to determine the diagnostic efficacy, with comparisons using the DeLong test.

Results: CAP and HSI accuracies were significantly higher than that of ultrasound to detect patients with biopsy-proven mild steatosis (S1, 65.3%, 56.5%, respectively, vs. 17.7%, χ2=46.305, 31.736, both P<0.05)and moderate-severe (S2-3) steatosis (92.3%, 100%, respectively, vs. 53.8%, χ2=4.887, 7.800, P=0.037, 0.007, respectively). Both CAP and HSI had lower underestimation rates of steatosis grade than ultrasound (12%, 14.8%, respectively, vs. 29.5%, χ2=9.765, 6.452; P<0.05 for both), but they exhibited higher overestimation rates (30.5%, 38.2%, respectively, vs. 12.4%, χ2=39.222, 70.986; both P<0.05). The AUROCs of CAP and HSI were 0.780 (95% confidence intervals [CIs] 0.735-0.822) and 0.655 (95%CI 0.604-0.704) for S ≥1, 0.932 (95%CI 0.902-0.956) and 0.755 (95%CI 0.707-0.799) for S ≥2, 0.990 (95%CI 0.974-0.998) and 0.786 (95% CI 0.740-0.827) for S3, respectively.

Conclusion: CAP might be more accurate for detecting hepatic steatosis than HSI and ultrasound in patients with CHB, but further studies are needed to reduce the overestimation rates.

Keywords: Assessment; Fatty liver disease; Liver biopsy; Transient elastography.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Area Under Curve
  • Body Mass Index
  • China
  • Elasticity Imaging Techniques
  • Fatty Liver / diagnostic imaging*
  • Fatty Liver / pathology*
  • Female
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / complications*
  • Humans
  • Liver / pathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • ROC Curve
  • Regression Analysis
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Young Adult