Synovial fluid pro-inflammatory profile differs according to the characteristics of knee pain

Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2017 Sep;25(9):1420-1427. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.04.001. Epub 2017 Apr 19.

Abstract

Objective: The role of inflammation and pain in osteoarthritis (OA) is not fully understood. We evaluated the association between pro-inflammatory biomarkers and pain.

Methods: We used baseline data and samples from a randomized controlled trial of colchicine for symptomatic knee OA. Severity of pain of the more symptomatic knee was assessed by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-I (NHANES-I) criterion and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain index. Pains on movement and at rest were self-reported on an 11-point Likert scale. Severity of radiographic tibiofemoral OA was assessed by Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade. Concentrations of synovial fluid (sf) IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, C-terminal telopeptides of Type I collagen (CTXI) and C-telopeptide of Type II collagen (CTXII), as well as urinary (u) CTXII were measured.

Results: Of the 109 patients enrolled in the study, 70 patients (70% women) with synovial fluid obtained by direct aspiration were included for analysis. The mean ± SD age and body mass index (BMI) of the patients were 57.6 ± 8.3 years and 28.8 ± 5.2 kg/m2. After adjustment for age, sex, and BMI, sf IL-6 and IL-8 were statistically significantly associated with 11-point pain on movement, but not with pain at rest. No significant associations were observed with WOMAC pain scores. sf IL-1β (analyzed as detectable/non-detectable) was inversely associated with pain. In contrast, after adjustment, Sf TNFα was associated with WOMAC total pain and both pain on movement and at rest. sf/u CTXII was associated with radiographic severity, but not with knee pain.

Conclusions: This study provides indication that OA pain mechanisms may differ according to the characteristics of the pain.

Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis; Pain mechanism; Proinflammatory biomarkers; Synovial fluid.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antirheumatic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Colchicine / therapeutic use
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism*
  • Knee Joint / diagnostic imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Osteoarthritis, Knee / complications
  • Osteoarthritis, Knee / diagnostic imaging
  • Osteoarthritis, Knee / drug therapy
  • Osteoarthritis, Knee / metabolism*
  • Pain / diagnostic imaging
  • Pain / etiology
  • Pain / metabolism*
  • Pain Measurement / methods
  • Radiography
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Synovial Fluid / metabolism*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antirheumatic Agents
  • Biomarkers
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Colchicine