Honokiol inhibits ultraviolet radiation-induced immunosuppression through inhibition of ultraviolet-induced inflammation and DNA hypermethylation in mouse skin

Sci Rep. 2017 May 10;7(1):1657. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01774-5.

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure induces immunosuppression, which contributes to the development of cutaneous malignancies. We investigated the effects of honokiol, a phytochemical found in plants of the genus Magnolia, on UVB-induced immunosuppression using contact hypersensitivity (CHS) as a model in C3H/HeN mice. Topical application of honokiol (0.5 and 1.0 mg/cm2 skin area) had a significant preventive effect on UVB-induced suppression of the CHS response. The inflammatory mediators, COX-2 and PGE2, played a key role in this effect, as indicated by honokiol inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and PGE2 production in the UVB-exposed skin. Honokiol application also inhibited UVB-induced DNA hypermethylation and its elevation of the levels of TET enzyme, which is responsible for DNA demethylation in UVB-exposed skin. This was consistent with the restoration of the CHS response in mice treated with the DNA demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, after UVB exposure. There was no significant difference in the levels of inhibition of UVB-induced immunosuppression amongst mice that were treated topically with available anti-cancer drugs (imiquimod and 5-fluorouracil). This study is the first to show that honokiol has the ability to inhibit UVB-induced immunosuppression in preclinical model and, thus, has potential for use as a chemopreventive strategy for UVB radiation-induced malignancies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biphenyl Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Biphenyl Compounds / pharmacology*
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / deficiency
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • DNA Methylation / genetics*
  • Dermatitis, Contact / immunology
  • Female
  • Immunosuppression Therapy*
  • Inflammation / genetics*
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
  • Lignans / administration & dosage
  • Lignans / pharmacology*
  • Methyltransferases / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Models, Biological
  • Protective Agents / pharmacology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism
  • Skin / drug effects
  • Skin / immunology*
  • Skin / pathology*
  • Skin / radiation effects
  • Ultraviolet Rays*

Substances

  • Biphenyl Compounds
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Lignans
  • Protective Agents
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • honokiol
  • Cyclooxygenase 2
  • Methyltransferases