Reverse spillover of avian viral vaccine strains from domesticated poultry to wild birds

Vaccine. 2017 Jun 16;35(28):3523-3527. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.05.033. Epub 2017 May 19.

Abstract

Transmission of viruses from the commercial poultry to wild birds is an emerging paradigm of livestock-wildlife interface. Here, we report the identification and isolation of vaccine strains of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV1) and avian coronaviruses (ACoV) from different wild bird species across eight Egyptian governorates between January 2014 and December 2015. Surveillance of avian respiratory viruses in free-ranging wild birds (n=297) identified three species that harboured or excreted APMV1 and ACoVs. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of recovered viruses revealed a close association with the most widely utilized vaccine strains in the country. These results highlight the potential spillover of vaccine-viruses probably due to extensive use of live-attenuated vaccines in the commercial poultry, and close interaction between domesticated and wild bird populations. Further exploring the full spectrum of vaccine-derived viral vaccine strains in wild birds might help to assess the emergence of future wild-birds origin viruses.

Keywords: Spillover; Vaccines; Viruses; Wild birds.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Wild / virology
  • Birds / virology*
  • Egypt
  • Gammacoronavirus / genetics
  • Gammacoronavirus / immunology
  • Gammacoronavirus / isolation & purification*
  • Newcastle disease virus / genetics
  • Newcastle disease virus / immunology
  • Newcastle disease virus / isolation & purification*
  • Phylogeny
  • Poultry / virology
  • Poultry Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Poultry Diseases / transmission
  • Poultry Diseases / virology
  • Vaccines, Attenuated / administration & dosage
  • Viral Vaccines*

Substances

  • Vaccines, Attenuated
  • Viral Vaccines