Long-term cardiovascular health in adult cancer survivors

Maturitas. 2017 Nov:105:37-45. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.05.014. Epub 2017 May 21.

Abstract

The number of cancer survivors has tremendously increased over the past decades as a result of aging of the population and improvements in early cancer detection and treatment. Ongoing successes in cancer treatment are expected to result in a further increase in the number of long-term survivors. However, cancer treatment can have detrimental cardiovascular side-effects that impact morbidity and mortality, reducing quality of life in cancer survivors. The spectrum of radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced cardiovascular disease is broad, varying from subclinical valvular dysfunction to overt congestive heart failure, and such effects may not be apparent for more than twenty years after the initial cancer treatment. Awareness of these long-term side-effects is of crucial value in the management of these patients, in order to reduce the impact of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the long-term cardiovascular complications of cancer treatments (radiotherapy and chemotherapy) in adult cancer survivors.

Keywords: Cancer survivor; Cardio-oncology; Cardiotoxicity; Cardiovascular disease; Chemotherapy; Radiotherapy.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cancer Survivors*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology*
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / radiotherapy

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents