Clinical outcome and its predictors in hemodialysis patients with critical limb ischemia undergoing endovascular therapy

J Interv Cardiol. 2017 Aug;30(4):374-381. doi: 10.1111/joic.12393. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to examine prognosis and causes of death in hemodialysis (HD) patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) after endovascular therapy (EVT).

Background: EVT is becoming a first-line treatment in patients with CLI. Nonetheless, only a few studies have examined prognosis and its predictors in HD patients with CLI undergoing EVT, who are known to be at high-risk. Moreover, causes of death in this population are not clarified to date.

Methods: We examined 175 consecutive patients who underwent EVT for CLI between March 2009 and March 2014.

Results: Among these, 126 patients were dependent on HD and their 2-year all-cause death and 2-year major amputation rates were 28% and 14%, respectively. Cox proportional hazards analyses revealed that lower body mass index (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.82-0.98, P = 0.03) and prior stroke (HR = 2.34, 95%CI = 1.10-4.85, P = 0.03) were independent predictors of all-cause death, and lower serum albumin (HR = 0.44, 95%CI = 0.22-0.92, P = 0.03) along with currently smoking (HR = 4.73, 95%CI = 1.43-14.1, P = 0.01) were independent predictors of major amputation in HD patients. The leading cause of death in this population was infections, most of which were lower extremity infections.

Conclusions: The incidences of all-cause death and major amputation seemed acceptable in HD patients undergoing EVT for CLI. In this high-risk subset, management of infection might be a potential therapeutic target.

Keywords: critical limb ischemia; endovascular therapy; hemodialysis; prognosis.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amputation, Surgical
  • Endovascular Procedures*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ischemia / diagnosis
  • Ischemia / mortality
  • Ischemia / surgery*
  • Lower Extremity / blood supply*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Renal Dialysis*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / complications
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / mortality
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome