Epidemiology of diphtheria in the southwestern Indian Ocean is poorly documented. We analyzed 14 cases of infection with toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae reported during 2007-2015 in Mayotte, a French department located in this region. Local control of diphtheria is needed to minimize the risk for importation of the bacterium into disease-free areas.
Keywords: Corynebacterium diphtheriae; France; Mayotte; bacteria; diphtheria; epidemiology; southwestern Indian Ocean region; toxigenic; vaccination.