Cinacalcet as symptomatic treatment of hypercalcaemia in primary hyperparathyroidism prior to surgery

Endokrynol Pol. 2017;68(3):306-310. doi: 10.5603/EP.2017.0023.

Abstract

Intriduction: The aim of presented study was to assess the efficacy of cinacalcet in reducing serum calcium concentrations in primary hyperparathyroid (PHPT) patients with hypercalcaemia exceeding 12.5 mg/dL, awaiting parathyroidectomy.

Material and methods: The study included 23 patients with PHPT with hypercalcaemia > 12.5 mg/dL, qualified for surgery. We recorded clinical and biochemical data at baseline, and after every week of treatment. We also monitored adverse events. Cinacalcet was adminis-tered in increasing doses until the corrected serum calcium concentration was 11.3 mg/dL or less, the patient reached the highest possible dosage of 90 mg four times daily, or the patient experienced an adverse event that precluded further dosage increases.

Results: The primary end point of reduction in corrected serum calcium concentration to 11.3 mg/dL was achieved in 19 patients (83%), and normocalcaemia (S-Ca < 10.3 mg/dL) was achieved in 55% of patients. The medication was usually well tolerated (83.4%). Most common adverse events were nausea and vomiting, especially at the beginning of therapy; however, only one patient withdrew from the study because of adverse events.

Conclusion: Cinacalcet rapidly reduced serum calcium in PHPT patients with severe hypercalcaemia and can be useful as a short-term pretreatment prior to surgery, allowing the completion of diagnostics and safe awaiting for operation.

Keywords: cinacalcet; hypercalcaemia; primary hyperparathyroidism.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Calcimimetic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Calcimimetic Agents / adverse effects
  • Calcimimetic Agents / pharmacology
  • Calcimimetic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Calcium / blood
  • Cinacalcet / administration & dosage
  • Cinacalcet / adverse effects
  • Cinacalcet / pharmacology
  • Cinacalcet / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypercalcemia / drug therapy*
  • Hypercalcemia / etiology
  • Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / complications*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Parathyroid Hormone / blood

Substances

  • Calcimimetic Agents
  • Parathyroid Hormone
  • Calcium
  • Cinacalcet