1 Valerie Gutmann Koch, J.D., is the Director of Law and Ethics at the University of Chicago's MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics and a Visiting Fellow at DePaul University College of Law. Nanette R. Elster, J.D., M.P.H., is an Assistant Professor at the Neiswanger Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine and the Manager for Ethics Outreach at the American Dental Association.